Semi-elliptic springs are made of flat bar steel bent into ether a very flat "V" or "C" and then stacked up smaller on the bottom and a strap holding them in the center. This gives a spring that only "springs" one way but can be made very strong. Mostly used on Locomotives.
Elliptic springs are two semi-elliptic spring joined at the ends one on top of the other, this gives "spring" both ways and a much better ride. Used on passenger cars, locomotives, caboose, and some fright.
Making them is simple, make one bar and duplicate it making each one longer. Do make a simpler one as a triangle for LOD.
Coil springs are the most used but give a so so ride. Making them can take some time to get one that looks good but after you have one good one you can copy and re-size it for all other coil springs, I have only had to make one in 6 years.
Volute springs (roll up a piece of paper and pull the center out and you have one) is made of flat steel rolled up so that the sides rube on each other and the center is higher than the outside, this gives a damping effect and a better ride. Can be made by just a cylinder.
Snubber springs are not really a spring but a damper made of robber.
What is being damped is a harmonic oscillation that well develop in coil springs.
Fright car bogeys can have a lot of configuration, you can have one coil spring inside a another, you can replace a coil with an elliptic or Volute spring or a snubber.
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